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Journal of Interpersonal Violence
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The Differential Effects of Abuse Characteristics and Attachment in the Prediction of Long-Term Effects of Sexual Abuse

PAMELA C. ALEXANDER

University of Maryland—College Park

It was hypothesized that sexual abuse severity and adult attachment (reflective of the more pervasive experience of growing up in a family) would each have significant but distinct effects on the long-term functioning of incest survivors. A sample of 112 incest survivors completed the Beck Depression Inventory, the Symptom Checklist-10, the Impact of Event Scale, the MCMI-II, and the Relationship Questionnaire (a measure of adult attachment). Hierachical regression analyses indicated that sexual abuse characteristics (particularly early age of onset) predicted depression, intrusive thoughts, and, to a lesser degree, avoidance of memories of the abuse (symptoms consistent with a traditional PTSD conceptualization). Adult attachment (in particular, a lack of secure attachment) predicted avoidance of memories of the abuse. In addition, adult attachment predicted avoidant, dependent, self-defeating, and borderline personality disorders. Implications for the focus of therapy with the sexual abuse survivor are discussed.

Journal of Interpersonal Violence, Vol. 8, No. 3, 346-362 (1993)
DOI: 10.1177/088626093008003004
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