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Treatment of Rape Victims

Medical College of Pennsylvania

BARBARA OLASOV ROTHBAUM

Emory University School of Medicine

GAIL S. STEKETEE

Boston University

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be one of the debilitating and harmful effects of sexual assault. Although many forms of intervention exist for rape-related PTSD, only a few well-controlled studies have been conducted to systematically evaluate the treatment response of women who have been the victims of sexual assault. Overall, cognitive-behavioral interventions for rape-related PTSD, with single or multiple treatment components, have been found to result in a decrease or remission of posttrauma sequelae when compared to no treatment or wait-list control conditions. This article highlights the general methodological issues that are pertinent in the design of studies to evaluate the treatment outcome of rape-related PTSD. The wide range of psychological interventions for the treatment of postrape sequelae are reviewed and special attention is given to cognitive-behavioral interventions because these treatments have been subjected to more rigorous empirical examinations. Finally, suggestions are made to improve the assessment of rape-related PTSD and to predict treatment response in rape victims.

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