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Journal of Interpersonal Violence
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Beyond Fear

The Role of Peritraumatic Responses in Posttraumatic Stress and Depressive Symptoms Among Female Crime Victims

Shireen L. Rizvi

National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Boston University School of Medicine, RizviS{at}newschool.edu

Debra Kaysen

University of Washington

Cassidy A. Gutner

National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Michael G. Griffin

University of Missouri-St. Louis

Patricia A. Resick

National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Boston University School of Medicine

This study examines peritraumatic (and posttrauma) responses in a sample of female crime victims who had been sexually or physically assaulted within the previous 2 months. Women were interviewed about their emotional and behavioral responses during the trauma and assessed for posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptomatology. Results indicate that women experience a wide range of behavioral and emotional responses during a traumatic event and that these responses have implications for posttrauma adjustment. Women who experienced behaviors typical of a freeze response are more likely to have a greater degree of symptomatology after the assault. Peritraumatic emotions, other than fear, such as sadness, humiliation, and anger, also appear to be related to posttrauma depression symptoms. These findings highlight the necessity of exploring the full range of possible reactions during a trauma.

Key Words: trauma • peritraumatic responses • emotion • posttraumatic stress disorder

This version was published on June 1, 2008

Journal of Interpersonal Violence, Vol. 23, No. 6, 853-868 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0886260508314851
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This article has been cited by other articles:


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[Abstract] [PDF]