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Journal of Interpersonal Violence
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Acute Stress Disorder as a Predictor of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Physical Assault Victims

Ask Elklit

University of Aarhus

Ole Brink

Aarhus University Hospital

The authors’objective was to examine the ability of acute stress disorder (ASD) and other trauma-related factors in a group of physical assault victims in predicting post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 6 months later. Subjects included 214 victims of violence who completed a questionnaire 1 to 2 weeks after the assault, with 128 participating in the follow-up. Measures included the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, the Trauma Symptom Checklist, and the Crisis Support Scale. Twenty-two percent met the full PTSD diagnosis and 22% a subclinical PTSD diagnosis. Previous lifetime shock due to a traumatic event happening to someone close, threats during the assault, and dissociation explained 56% of PTSD variance. Inability to express feelings, hypervigilance, impairment, and hopelessness explained another 15% of PTSD variance. The dissociative, the reexperiencing, the avoidant, and the arousal criteria of the ASD diagnosis correctly classified 79% of the subsequent PTSD cases.

Key Words: physical assault • acute stress disorder • post-traumatic stress disorder • social support • symptom development

Journal of Interpersonal Violence, Vol. 19, No. 6, 709-726 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/0886260504263872
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