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Revictimization and Self-Harm in Females Who Experienced Childhood Sexual Abuse

Results from a Prospective Study

University of Southern California

Lisa A. Horowitz

The Lab School of Washington

George A. Bonanno

Columbia University

Penelope K. Trickett

University of Southern California

Frank W. Putnam

Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center

Lifetime trauma histories were ascertained for females with confirmed histories of childhood sexual abuse and comparison females participating in a longitudinal, prospective study. Abused participants reported twice as many subsequent rapes or sexual assaults (p = .07), 1.6 times as many physical affronts including domestic violence (p = .01), almost four times as many incidences of self-inflicted harm (p = .002), and more than 20% more subsequent, significant lifetime traumas (p = .04) than did comparison participants. Sexual revictimization was positively correlated with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSD), peritraumatic dissociation, and sexual preoccupation. Physical revictimization was positively correlated with PTSD symptoms, pathological dissociation, and sexually permissive attitudes. Self-harm was positively correlated with both peritraumatic and pathological dissociation. Competing theoretical explanations for revictimization and self-harm are discussed and evaluated.

Key Words: sexual abuse • rape • revictimization • self-harm

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