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Journal of Interpersonal Violence
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The Impact of Subjective and Expressed Anger on the Functioning of Psychiatric Outpatients With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

C. Laurel Franklin

Michael A. Posternak

Mark Zimmerman

Brown University

Research has shown that anger may be related to the development and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study investigates the impact of anger on patients with PTSD in a general psychiatric population. Participants diagnosed with PTSD were grouped according to current levels of subjective and inappropriately expressed anger: (a) low subjective and expressed anger; (b) elevated subjective anger and low expressed anger; (c) low subjective anger and elevated expressed anger; and (d) elevated subjective and expressed anger. It was hypothesized that participants reporting elevated levels of subjective anger coupled with recent overt expression would be more impaired and distressed than individuals with PTSD in the other anger groups, after comorbid diagnoses were controlled. The elevated subjective and expressed anger group was more impaired/distressed on global measures and their elevated anger affected some measures of behavioral functioning. Findings are discussed in light of the literature on anger and PTSD.

Journal of Interpersonal Violence, Vol. 17, No. 12, 1263-1273 (2002)
DOI: 10.1177/088626002237855


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