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Preventing the "Second Rape"
Rape Survivors' Experiences With Community Service Providers
REBECCA CAMPBELL
University of Illinois at Chicago
SHARON M. WASCO
University of Illinois at Chicago
COURTNEY E. AHRENS
University of Illinois at Chicago
TRACY SEFL
University of Illinois at Chicago
HOLLY E. BARNES
University of Illinois at Chicago
Although prevention efforts aimed at eliminating the occurrence of sexual assault are clearly needed, it is also important to consider how we can prevent further trauma among those already victimized. Prior research suggests that rape survivors may experience victim-blaming treatment from system personnel (termed secondary victimization or the second rape). This research examined how postassault contact with community systems exacerbated rape victims' psychological and physical health distress. Findings revealed that the majority of rape survivors who reported their assault to the legal or medical system did not receive needed services. These difficulties with service delivery were associated with both perceived and objective measures of negative health outcomes. Contact with the mental health system, rape crisis centers, or religious communities was generally perceived by victims as beneficial. This study suggests that the trauma of rape extends far beyond the assault itself, as negative community responses can significantly elevate distress.
Journal of Interpersonal Violence, Vol. 16, No. 12,
1239-1259 (2001)
DOI: 10.1177/088626001016012002
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